Long Exposure Photography

Long exposure photography is probably my favorite style; indeed most of my better pics were clicked when I had an awe-inspiring vista and ample time on my hands.

Over at 500px, Matt Kloskowski has penned a good tutorial on this. Although I would have preferred a bit more content about the actual on-camera photography instead of on post-processing in Photoshop, its still a very good read. The example he has used truly shows the ethereal beauty of flowing water and other landscapes shot with a long exposure.

Matt says,

People were putting 3, 6 or even 10-stop neutral density filters on their cameras to slow shutter speeds. The result was this beautiful long exposure photo where clouds, water and lights had a beautiful streaky motion-like feeling to them. Personally, I love photographing the water. Beaches, waterfalls, lakes, streams, you name it. But I’m not a huge fan of choppy water. I love reflections and smooth silky water. So for me, long exposure photography was the answer. 

I’d like to add my two cents here and say that long exposure photography is great in low light too – while some photographers like to increase ISO to manageable levels and then choose the fastest shutter speed, more often than not I drop the ISO to 100 and increase the shutter speed to the highest I can. Besides getting rid of the noise, the long exposure ensures that the ambient lighting and atmosphere really permeates the image.

In the three pictures below the environment was completely different and this comes out beautifully.

In this picture of a city skyline, the ambient lighting is primarily from the electric lighting in the city; the heavy atmosphere also has made the picture slightly soft. LongExposure-1

In this picture of the canyon under the starlit sky, ambient lighting is from the stars themselves and the image is very crisp owing to the clean atmosphere.longexposure-3

The third one of the boat on a beach was lit with distant fluorescent and Sodium-vapour street lamps, while the boat itself is sharp the windy conditions have fuzzed out all other details.LongExposure-4

Sometimes I also close the aperture down to f/22 or more which necessitates a long exposure shot just to get starbursts around the light sources. Here is one taken late in the evening.LongExposure-2

Matt concludes by saying…

As an outdoor shooter, I think it offers you a whole new area of creativity, because we’re typically so used to shooting static scenes with no movement. For me, long exposures bring the best of both worlds together. 

…and I couldn’t agree more.

About these ads

Testing the Tamron

I was off work for the last two weeks visiting my native place and that gave me a chance to try out my new lens, a Tamron 70-300mm.

It has middling specs – no image stabilization, F/4 at the low end which goes to F/5.6 at 300mm. The barrel extends as you increase the focal length, so at 300mm the lens is quite ungainly with a protruding snout. The lens also has a macro functionality which comes into play only between 180-300mm – its actually quite good in macro for an amateur photographer like me. With my Nikon body I could use the autofocus, unfortunately this is the most disappointing aspect of the lens – the motor is extremely slow and noisy. At 300mm, you’ll spend a lot of time waiting while the lens hunts around slowly to get the subject into focus. In any case, at 300mm you’ll be better off focusing manually instead of relying on the autofocus as I sadly discovered. Quite a lot of my pics taken nearer to the long end with autofocus ON came out blurry and just off focus. What this lens really has going for it is the price – while the Tamron costs in the region of Rs.8500, a comparable lens from Nikon will leave you poorer by roughly Rs.21500. Amazing value for money.

These first few shots exercised the lens almost through its entire range – from 90mm to 300mm. Except for the last one, the rest came out quite sharp – the autofocus had trouble there possibly due to the shade. Depending upon the lighting, I either opened the aperture to its widest or stepped it down to about F/9.Mlore-1

Mlore-4

Mlore-5

Mlore-6

Mlore-17

I’m very impressed with the macro functionality(admittedly its my first lens with anything remotely macro). Focus was good(all were taken in good lighting conditions) too and the bokeh is pleasing enough. The third pic of the crack and knot in the wood shows how shallow the depth of field already is at F/8; this led to a slightly off focus(fault entirely mine) in the pic of the praying mantis:Mlore-2

Mlore-3

Mlore-11

Mlore-19

Mlore-21

Mlore-33

A few times that I’ve been out in the midst of nature, photographing birds and animals with the kit lens, 18-55mm, has been a hopeless affair. One of the main reasons to get a long lens was to address this. All of the pics below were shot at 300mm – the lens is markedly less sharp at 300mm than at say 150mm. So long as you dont crop into the subject much, its manageable. The first one of the peahen is relatively sharp, the second one of a flock of ducks came out sharp enough but is underexposed with very little extractable detail in the ducks. The third one is of a Koel, its probably the best in terms of sharpness and detail against a bright background.Mlore-12

Mlore-13

Mlore-25

This one of the Red Whiskered Bulbul came out with good detail, but it is still not as sharp as I would like. The next one is of a pair of crows, its focussed enough but came out slightly soft. The third one is a pair of hawks circling above. While not sharp at all, I’m pleased with the amount of detail in it. Against bright sunlight to be able to make out feather details is pretty good.Mlore-14

Mlore-15

Mlore-28

A couple of pics of a squirrel beating the heat came out quite well too, focus is a bit off in both of them but at least the pic is crisp with no fogginess and grain(look at the next set of pics below to see what I mean). Both were taken in the shade with the lens fully extended and wide open at F/5.6(something that several reviewers of this lens advised against). Not print quality but still pretty good.Mlore-26

Mlore-27

These are the ones where I’m not very happy with the results and the photos get worse progressively. In the first one, a sparrow, despite several attempts at focussing the lens refused to lock on. The second one was focussed manually, but still came out soft. The third and the fourth were with autofocus, but didn’t come out right – both are blurry and have a weird foggy, grainy feel to them. Mlore-16

Mlore-22

Mlore-23

Mlore-36

In low light the lens really doesn’t open wide enough to shoot anything moving around – still life photography suits this lens much more. So long as you dont extend the lens much(90-180mm seems to be the sweet spot), the pics come out very sharp. The last one is of the moon on a bright night, I had to underexpose it to pull some detail but its still a bit soft for my liking.Mlore-32

Mlore-35

Mlore-37

Mlore-38

Overall, I’m satisfied with the Tamron – neither happy nor disappointed. The photo quality is nothing to write home about, its a pain to nail focus when fully extended(nevermind its slow motor); ultimately you get what you pay for and that makes it a lens of great value for money.

Now for a bunch of freebies – in between experimenting with the Tamron, I took a few good pics with the kit which I’m so much more comfortable with. Most of them are low light, long exposures as is my wont. The last one is there simply because of the composition and atmosphere which I quite like.Mlore-7

Mlore-20

Mlore-31

Mlore-30

Nokia Lumia 920 – Thoughts

It has been three months now with the Lumia. Its been an interesting device to own, not the least because its always a fun journey to make with a new fledgling ecosystem – an underdog really – that has just started to spread its wings. The phone and the OS both are head turners. I’m pretty much the only person I know to own a Lumia(or a WP device for that matter) so always stand out of the crowd when it comes to the phone. More than a few people have asked me about it – how good is the phone? is the camera better than the one in the iPhone or S3? Windows Phone looks great, but does it have enough apps? is it stable?

My answer is usually a Yes to these all. The hardware is absolutely brilliant – there are a few reviewers out there who crib about the Lumias ‘plastic’ body; I don’t agree the Lumia plastic is in a different league when compared to the Galaxy plastic. Pick them both up, feel the phones and you’ll see what I mean.

The camera is brilliant, for day shots its just as good as the iPhone or the Galaxy S3(white balance tends to be off sometimes, but when it gets it right it nails it; its not as noisy as the other two either) while for night or low light shots its on a different plane altogether. Windows Phone is very fresh – the main reason it still retains this quality, I feel, is because iOS and Android are still rooted in the old icon grid paradigm for their UI. Apps are a very subjective topic – whats enough for me might not be enough for others; my needs are met adequately. In sheer number, it lags behind both iOS and Android and some of the big names are still not there in the WP ecosystem. The prime example is Instagram – its become a kind of joke really, I have a few friends who cite its unavailability on WP8 as a big minus, yet they don’t use it on either iOS or Android. The only reason it needs to come out now is to silence people. Stability is about on par with iOS, better than Android which is to say very good.

We’ve come a long way from feature phones where a devices chance of success or failure depended upon the length of its feature list. Nowadays almost all smartphones have the same set of features and it is the small things that matter – how consistent is the UI? how good does it do media management? how responsive is the phone? how well does it multitask? how does it handle mails and calendars? how does it manage contacts? how well does it integrate with social networks?

I started this series in an attempt to highlight such niceties and irritations that come with the Lumia. This is probably the last one of the series, mostly because WP8 itself hasn’t received any update from Microsoft since Portico(which my phone came preinstalled with) due to which most of the quirks remain. As to the nice things that I used to come across on a regular basis earlier during my day to day interaction with the phone, these have pretty much dried up – my explorations have gone down with a regular workflow set in for most tasks.

Like the earlier two posts, this one carries forward the same format. Some of the sections are understandably empty.

Things I love:

  • I don’t know what’s different but when I use the Lumia as a hotspot my Kindle connects to it just fine. On my iPhone this was not possible, Kindle flatly refused to connect to it.

Things I need to adjust to:

  • As well adjusted as I can ever be.

Things I dont like and wish Microsoft changes soon:

  • I don’t think Microsoft enforces developers to submit meaningful descriptions for app updates which means App store updates don’t always tell you what new features were introduced or bugs fixed. In most cases, there is just an app description.
  • The Music player is borderline useless, more often than not I use Nokia Music even for playing songs and playlists save on device. When you tap on a song, almost always its not clear whether it will play just that song or queue an entire songlist/album/artist. Long pressing a song and choosing ‘Add to now playing…’ seems to be the only reliable way to play only the chosen song. Editing existing playlist is impossible. Can’t even change the order of tracks! This is a borderline dealbreaker.
  • Songs downloaded from Nokia Music sometimes play at a fixed volume in the default Music app(it works fine if played in Nokia Music though). I’m not sure if it is Microsofts fault or Nokias. There seem to be several variants of this issue not limited to the Nokia Lumia 920 – check this out for instance. My problems are a lot less serious than some being faced by others.
  • The Peoples app is very rigid with tags – I can have only 2 mobile numbers, categorized as mobile and mobile2. All other numbers are treated as landlines. The Phone app which is integrated Peoples app has implications because of this. Suppose I have saved the work mobile number of a contact as the work phone, then when I receive a call from this number I cannot decline and reply with a text message.
  • If I pause Music, leave earphones on and receive a call then when I finish talking the music resumes playing even though it had explicitly been paused before the call started. Looks like when wp8 hands over the token for music controls back to Music, it resumes playing.
  • There is no way to show Me tile notifications on lock screen. Something like a combined Facebook, Twitter and Linkedin notifications count. At least one other guy agrees with me and wants this feature.
  • I can’t get store updates and Bing wallpaper to work correctly when my region is set to India. Bing itself behaves slightly different, those little popover tips that you see below don’t show up in India.
Wp ss 20130412 0001
    Setting it to the US makes them work perfectly like clockwork, on a nightly basis it checks for updates and refreshes the lock screen wallpaper. I haven’t seen too many report of this specific issue online anywhere so it must be only me.

  • When an app or the OS itself crashes, I usually want to look for logs or diagnostic files to try and understand what caused it. I don’t see a way to see such logs or diagnostic reports anywhere in WP8. Its trivial on the iPhone(Settings>General>About>Diagnostics).
  • This was something which was not highlighted by too many people which surprised me. Microsoft and Nokia make a big deal about OTA updates, which is all good. What they fail to mention is that there is no way to update your phone using your computer. This realization came to me when I was in a remote location with no Wifi and no 3G connectivity and the 1308 firmware rolled out. I had my laptop with a wired connection, but with no way to update my phone!
  • The infamous ‘Other’ storage problems have hit me finally. About 4.7GB of my storage was last to the void. A firmware update later, after running Nokias ‘Storage Check’  utility, it came down to 3.3GB. Not a great saving, but somethings better than nothing.
  • Calendar updates are not stable, several times i ve entered an appointment only to have it disappear. Entering it again works. This is something that happens 9 times out of 10. I did a quick search online, but looks like I’m the only one who faces this.

Things I don’t like and hope App developers notice:

  • There seems to be a disconnect between toasts and live tiles. Admittedly I ve observed this only on Whatsapp so it might be an application problem. I receive a toast, tap on it and address the message right away. Yet the live tile for the app shows me an incremented message count.
  • Some apps tend to ‘take control’ of the music controls despite music playing in the background. Whatsapp is the worst offender in this regard. To understand what I mean, try this – start playing some music, exit to the start screen and open whatsapp. Now if you use the volume controls, you’ll see that the small dropdown at the top of the screen is owned by Whatsapp. What this means is that if your music gets paused(say due to an incoming call) you will not be able to resume it from here. Like I said, this is plain stupid and needs to be fixed asap.

Things I miss:

  • There is a dearth of good productivity apps in the App Store. I guess over time as the ecosystem matures and more developers move in we’ll something along the lines of Omnifocus.

Dealbreakers:

  • None

Overall the only disappointment has been Microsoft itself with its strategy. I think it is still sticking to its old ways to roll out large updates every 6 months or every quarter(I don’t know honestly, nothing has come since Portico with no release date for the next point update yet). I don’t think they are doing themselves any good – a quick run through Reddit shows the frustration of a lot of people due to Microsoft. Nokia on the other hand is very proactive with its firmware updates – since the Lumia 920 release there have already been 3 firmware updates to address a lot of issues and to roll out improvements. The ‘Other’ storage space issue was acknowledged by Microsoft but got a fix from Nokia instead – which is, to put it lightly, a shame. It leaves all non-Nokia WP8 device owners stuck with a phone on which they can install any more apps. Lumia is a great platform, mostly due to Nokia and a little due to Microsoft. This year, Microsoft is expected to release two more updates to Window Phone 8, before the much awaited and hyped Blue. It should be an exciting year ahead.

Hampi with the Lumia

I was at Hampi for a day trip this weekend. For anybody with even the slightest interest in history and in ancient south-indian architecture, it is a treasure trove. There are a lot of ruins in quite good condition and maintained quite well by the Archaeological Survey of India. On the one hand I was happy that there were so few tourists and people visiting, but its also a bit sad that such a rich heritage has so few people taking interest in it. I hope things get better and exposure of this World Heritage Site increases over the years. Anyways, I digress.

I had only my Lumia with me for a camera, so thought it would be interesting to see how well it would perform in different kinds of scenarios and act as my own little shout-out for Hampi. I came out pretty impressed with the camera overall, but couldn’t help feel that there were shots that came out a lot softer than the rest for unknown reasons. When the conditions were right and stars aligned correctly, the pic came out stunning beautiful; at other times, very ordinary. The latter happened about 15-20% of the time, which isn’t too worrying yet. However, the white balance was off on several occasions – correcting it also is quite difficult since Lightroom doesnt let me alter the temperature for jpegs. Hope there is firmware update coming out from Nokia to correct this in the near future.

This was with the sun in the frame fairly early in the morning, so not all detail was lost. Also I liked the blacks in the underexposed areas, very little noise there.
Hampi-1

In good light, with the sun not too high yet, the snaps came out really well.
Hampi-1(I digress yet again, but see those ridges on the stone in the pic above? Thats how the ancients managed to cut such large chunks of granite into manageable blocks – read this to see how).Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

In the auto-mode sometimes the Lumia refused to focus on nearby objects, while at other times it worked like a charm. In the first pic, for instance, I just couldnt get it to focus on the flower. The second one is perfect, with very good blur in the background.
Hampi-1

Hampi-1

The Lumia is a champ at shooting high contrast pics, with very little noise in the dark areas.
Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

It handled a few tricky shots very well. Take a look at the first two where I’m shooting from bright sunlight into less than well lit rooms. The third one is of a ruin with the sun behind it, normally the kind of view which would force you to squint. Its noisy, but stil shows good detail. The last one shows pretty good detail in both the shade and in the sun, impressive dynamic range.
Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

In low-light, a lot has already been said about the Lumias Optical Image Stabilization camera. It rocks! While I never had to shoot in pitch black darkness, some of the low-lighting I encountered is the kind which would result in blurry and noisy pics on most other phone cameras. The second pic below, of the horsemen of the apocalypse, shows great detail too.
Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Its in the landscape shots and others in good sunlight that the Lumia behaves fickle. The two below are a bit soft and lack punch. The first one also has an unnatural warmth to it which I couldnt remove in Lightroom.
Hampi-1

Hampi-1

These next two of some ruins in good lighting conditions(the sun behind me and I was in the shade) has come out very soft. The edges along the sky dont look right either. Click on them for the original version to see what I mean.
Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

These, on the other hand, came out very well. Very little noise, great contrast and accurate white balance.
Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

Hampi-1

While we are still a long way away from the day that camera phones will replace good pocket cameras or DSLRs(with the notable exception of the Pureview 808 which is in a league of its own), its impressive how good phone cameras have gotten already.

Prince Ruperts Drop

I came across this video while killing time at Reddit.

I hadn’t heard of the Ruperts Drop before, indeed it’s wikipedia entry is quite light on details. But like the video shows, its very interesting stuff. Another reminder of why physics is such an amazing subject.

Update: Came across a very good explanation here as well. Adds to the video.